Objective: This research investigates the structural principles underlying the sustainability of historic houses in Maku, Iran. It aims to analyze indigenous construction techniques to elucidate how historical builders achieved resilient and stable structural systems in this mountainous region. By leveraging generational empirical knowledge and the strategic selection of local materials, Maku’s historic architecture features structural patterns that were developed to effectively address both functional requirements and long-term physical durability. The hybrid application of stone, timber, and other available materials plays a decisive role in establishing this structural stability.

Findings: The findings indicate that by relying on empirical knowledge and the strategic integration of indigenous materials—particularly stone and wood—Maku’s local architects developed patterns that enhance structural integrity while contributing to physical and economic sustainability. The structural geometry and gravity load distribution in these houses reflect an optimal balance between structural flexibility and physical performance, demonstrating a seamless integration of structure and architecture adapted to the region’s unique topography and climate.

Methodology: This research employs a descriptive-analytical method. Data were collected through the analysis of surviving historic houses, including the National Bank, the Police Station, and the Finance Department, archival research, field surveys, and the interpretation of oral narratives from local master builders. This approach facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the underlying logic and historical structural techniques inherent in these buildings.

Conclusion: The study concludes that the structural models of Maku, characterized by the intelligent organization of load-bearing elements, hold significant potential for reproducing sustainable solutions in contemporary design. The logic of material usage and force distribution systems in these buildings can serve as a practical paradigm for enhancing structural quality and sustainability in modern construction.