Cold Climate Architecture and Enviroment

Cultural-climatic reading of the porch element in Qajar houses in Tabriz city

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Reza Ghadrdan Gharamaleki

PhD in Islamic Architecture, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran.

Abstract
Despite numerous studies in the field of Qajar architecture, there is a significant knowledge gap in the integrated understanding of the interaction of architectural elements with cultural and climatic factors. Previous studies have examined climatic characteristics separately, but the knowledge gap in analyzing the inseparable links between function and meaning in these spaces is felt. Focusing on the porch element, this research seeks to explain how to intelligently integrate cultural and climatic functions in this architectural element. The main objectives of the present study are to systematically analyze the physical and climatic characteristics of the porches of Qajar houses in Tabriz and to analyze the socio-cultural role of the porch in organizing the living space. This research has been conducted with a descriptive-analytical approach and using qualitative-quantitative methodology. Data have been collected through library studies and field observations of 10 porches in Qajar houses in Tabriz. Data analysis has been conducted using comparative and analytical methods within the framework of cultural contingency theory. The results of the research show that the porch in the Qajar architecture of Tabriz is a manifestation of the intelligent interaction of architecture with climate and culture. Native architects, with a deep understanding of climate principles and cultural needs, have succeeded in creating a multifunctional space that simultaneously meets the material and spiritual needs of the residents. Also, three main types of porches were identified in the houses studied, including ceremonial-climatic porches, functional-mediating porches, and service-access porches.

Keywords

Qajar architecture
Tabriz city
cultural-climatic reading
porch
historical houses
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